{"id":297,"date":"2025-09-27T00:45:57","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T21:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/?page_id=297"},"modified":"2026-01-27T15:55:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T12:25:08","slug":"jzarif","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/jzarif\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"297\" class=\"elementor elementor-297\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0076029 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0076029\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd6b95b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd6b95b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c1eefa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c1eefa\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40ce432 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40ce432\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dff53b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dff53b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a55db4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a55db4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0626\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634 (\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628)\u060c<\/p><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><p>Jzarif [at] PAIAB.org<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc1b583 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc1b583\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c5f757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7c5f757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/dr-zarifpersonal-pic-222-rddny1q1n9c2q2nsi34fipl1c2y451xuorlyb6z2bk.jpg\" title=\"dr-zarif=personal-pic-222\" alt=\"dr-zarif=personal-pic-222\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d04745 elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-3 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"5d04745\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-x-twitter elementor-repeater-item-5483efb\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/jzarif\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">X-twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-x-twitter\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-repeater-item-5ba6a70\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/jzarif_ir?igsh=MW8wd2YzNHFnZW1kdQ==\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Instagram<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-instagram\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9 287.7 141 224.1 141zm0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7 74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7zm146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8 26.8 12 26.8 26.8zm76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9 1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0 35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2 26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9 2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8zM398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6 29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6 11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f78ef51 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f78ef51\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb3dc99 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eb3dc99\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a902b96 elementor-widget__width-initial e-n-tabs-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"a902b96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;start&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"177220502\" aria-label=\"\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 Enter \u06cc\u0627 Space \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 Escape \u0628\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205021\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205021\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205021\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205022\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205022\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205022\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0647\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205023\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205023\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205023\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205024\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205024\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205024\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205025\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205025\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205025\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205026\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205026\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205026\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205021\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205021\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-f740810 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f740810\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0862433 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0862433\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1b5023 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1b5023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0623\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 (\u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0628\u062e\u0634) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 (1392-1400)\u060c \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (1392-1394)\u060c \u0633\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9 (1381 &#8211; 1386)\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (1382-1384)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 (1371-1381) \u0648 \u0633\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f (1369-1371). \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0642\u062a \u0634\u062f.<br \/>\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f 17 \u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0647 1338 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1356 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1367 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u0630 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1372 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0627\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f (1371-1372)\u060c \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0633\u06a9\u0648 (1386-1388)\u060c \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f (1379) \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc (1377)\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0634\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 (1379-1383) \u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc (1384-1385).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right; padding-left: 40px;\">\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648&#8230; \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u00bb \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81a45bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"81a45bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>document.querySelector('.more-RayaWp').addEventListener('click', function(e) {\r\n  e.preventDefault();\r\n\r\n  const currentScroll = window.scrollY; \/\/ \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0644\r\n  const content = document.querySelector('.expandable-content');\r\n  const icon = this.querySelector('i');\r\n\r\n  this.classList.toggle('expanded');\r\n  content.classList.toggle('expanded');\r\n\r\n  if(content.classList.contains('expanded')) {\r\n    this.querySelector('span').textContent = 'Les';\r\n    icon.classList.replace('fa-chevron-down', 'fa-chevron-up');\r\n  } else {\r\n    this.querySelector('span').textContent = 'More';\r\n    icon.classList.replace('fa-chevron-up', 'fa-chevron-down');\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc\r\n  window.scrollTo({\r\n    top: currentScroll,\r\n    behavior: 'instant'\r\n  });\r\n});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205022\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205022\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-c81c15d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c81c15d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cecac7a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cecac7a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c864d1 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c864d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"103\"><p><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1363- 1367<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0648\u0631<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1362- 1363<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0648\u0631<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1360- 1361<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u0648<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1356- 1360<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u0648<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"217\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"319\"><p><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc <\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"1\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>5\/03- 12\/403<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1392- 1400<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1392-1394<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0626\u062a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1390-1392<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1\/90 \u2013 6\/90<\/p><p>1386- 1389<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/p><p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/p><p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1381- 1386<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0633\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1371- 1381<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1368- 1371<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0633\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1367- 1368<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1361- 1367<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c\u00a0 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1357- 1359<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u0648<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"217\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"319\"><p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"1\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1386- \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f8<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0633\u06a9\u0648<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1384-1385<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0639\u0636\u0648<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1382- 1384<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1379<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0698\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0639\u06cc\u0636 \u0646\u0698\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0632\u06cc<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1379- \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f3<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0639\u0636\u0648<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1379<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1379<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0647<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1378<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0633\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u00a0\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1377<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c\u00a0 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1377<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1376<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0633\u062e\u0646\u06af\u0648\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0647\u0634\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1376- 1377<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647) \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1373<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u06a9\u0646\u06af\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1372<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1371- 1372<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc 47 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06a9<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"217\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1398-<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1371- 1398<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1376- 1388<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"103\"><p>1361<\/p><\/td><td width=\"217\"><p>\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"234\"><p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u0648<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h3>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627<\/h3><p>Audacity of Resilience: Reflections on Eight Years as Foreign Minister, Beirut: Dar Hashem Publishing (forthcoming English Translation)<\/p><p><em>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0648: \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 1404.<\/p><p><em>\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 1404 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u06cc)<\/p><p><em>\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0647\u060c <\/em>\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 2025.<\/p><p><em>\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc: \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062f 1402\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0647\u0634\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0628\u0647\u0634\u062a 1404.<\/p><p><em>\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0631: \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c 6 \u062c\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c 1400 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646).<\/p><p><em>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1395 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc)<\/p><p><em>\u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647: \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c<\/em> \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1391 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631).<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p><em>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c 1389 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631)<\/p><p><em>\u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f7\u060c \u0633\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631).<\/p><p><em>\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c 1384 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u06cc \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc).<\/p><p><em>Crossing the Divide: Dialogue among Civilization, <\/em>(South Orange, NJ, USA: Seton Hall University, 2001).<\/p><p><em>Self-Defense in International Law and Policy,<\/em> (University of Denver, 1988.)<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u201cToward a Transformative Vision for West Asia: Establishing a \u201cMuslim West Asian Dialogue Association\u201d (MWADA)\u201d <em>Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, <\/em>Fall 2025 (forthcoming)<\/p><p>\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0644\u062c\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c 2025 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06cc).<\/p><p>\u201cThe Time for a Paradigm Shift Is Now\u201d, <em>Foreign Policy, <\/em>August 15, 2025.<\/p><p>\u201cExploring global health diplomacy in Iran: insights from experts in health and foreign policy\u201d, with S. Taghizade, <em>et al<\/em>, <em>BMJ Global Health, <\/em>2025.<\/p><p>\u201cIn this Time of Rancour, Fear and War, Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation in the Middle East is Still Possible\u201d, <em>The Guardian, <\/em>31 July 2025.<\/p><p>\u201cThe Legal Implications of Complicity in Genocide\u201d, with R. Nasri, in <em>Genocide in Gaza: Voices of Global Conscience<\/em>, Ahmet Davuto\u011flu and Richard Falk (editors), Atlanta: Clarity Press, 2025.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8220;\u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/em> (1) 21\u060c 2025.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u201cMisreading Iran: How Global Chaos Fuels False Narratives\u201d <em>Iran Daily<\/em>, January 27, 2025.<\/p><p>\u201cReviving Iran\u2019s Science Diplomacy: New Horizons Opened by President Pezeshkian\u201d, with A. Rahimi and ATB Abadi, <em>Archives of Iranian Medicine<\/em>, 2025; 28(1):61-62.<\/p><p>\u201cAmity Instead of Enmity: A New Iranian Approach to Regional Security and Prosperity\u201d <em>The Economist<\/em>, December 24, 2024.<\/p><p>\u201cHow Iran Sees the Path to Peace\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, December 2, 2024.<\/p><p>\u201cA World in Transition: Rethinking the Current Global Order\u201d with S. Karimi, <em>China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies<\/em>, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1\u201329. October 2024.<\/p><p>\u201cConceptualization of the Hegemon Discourse of the Post-Revolutionary Iran in Septembers of Shiraz: A Cognitive-Multimodal Discourse Analysis\u201d with others, <em>Journal of World Sociopolitical Studies<\/em>, Vol. 8, No. 4. Autumn 2024. pp. 653-705.<\/p><p>\u201cThe Inconsistency between the Discourses of Dignity and Intransigence in Foreign Relations\u201d <em>Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Peace and Conflict Resolution<\/em>, 2024.<\/p><p>\u201cNavigating Challenges and Future Directions for Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure among Iranian Authors in International Journals\u201d with ATB Abadi, <em>Pathobiology Research<\/em>, 2024; 25(1): 67-71.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8220;\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c 1402.<\/p><p>\u201cTrump\u2019s Campaign to Re-securitize Iran\u201d, with J. Afjeh, <em>International Studies Journal<\/em>, Vol. 20, No. 2 (78). Fall 2023.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc&#8221; \u062f\u0631 <em>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc: \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/em> (\u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631) \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c 1402.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644&#8221; <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/em>\u060c 1402 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p>&#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0645\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em> (4) 19. 2023 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u201cSecuritization in the Transitional Period; A Threat to World Peace\u201d <em>Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Peace and Conflict Resolution<\/em>, 2023.<\/p><p>\u201cIran Wants the Nuclear Deal It Made\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, January 22, 2021.<\/p><p>\u201cMultilateralism and Ideational Power\u201d <em>International Studies Journal<\/em>, Vol. 14, No. 2. fall 2017, pp.1-11.<\/p><p>\u201cBeautiful Military Equipment Can\u2019t Buy Middle East Peace\u201d<em> New York Times<\/em>, May 26, 2017.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647&#8221; <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f <\/em>20 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648 2017.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221;\u00a0 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u06cc <\/em>23 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2017.<\/p><p>\u201cHow to Handle the Enabling Conditions for Extremism and Terrorism\u201d <em>Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs<\/em>, Vol 7 No. 1, Winter and Spring 2016.<\/p><p>\u201cLet Us Rid the World of Wahhabism\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, September 13, 2016.<\/p><p>\u201cWhy Iran is Building-Up Its Defenses\u201d <em>Washington Post<\/em>, April 21, 2016.<\/p><p>\u201cRiyadh\u2019s Reckless Extremism\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, January 11, 2016.<\/p><p>\u201cPeace in Syria is Vital. And It\u2019s Within Our Grasp\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, 18 December 2015.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631&#8230; \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u0647&#8221; \u00a0<em>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u06cc<\/em>\u060c 3 \u0627\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2015.<\/p><p>\u201cIran Has Signed A Historic Nuclear Deal. Now It\u2019s Israel\u2019s Turn\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, 31 July 2015.<\/p><p>\u201cThe Imperative of a Comprehensive Strategy to Fight Violent Extremism\u201d <em>Harvard International Review<\/em>, June 18, 2015<\/p><p>\u201cA Message from Iran\u201d <em>New York Time<\/em>, April 20, 2015.<\/p><p>\u201cOccidentaux, ne manquez pas l&#8217;occasion de negocier !\u201d <em>Le Monde<\/em>, 01.07.2014.<\/p><p>\u201cWe Can Make a Deal\u201d <em>Washington Post<\/em>, June 15, 2014.<\/p><p>\u201cWhat Iran Really Wants\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, May-June 2014.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u201cIran Keeps Its Word \u2013 The West Should Do the Same\u201d <em>Financial Times<\/em>, March 18, 2014.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8220;\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0646\u0627&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c <\/em>17 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 1435.<\/p><p>\u201cTackling the Iran-US Crisis: Need for a Paradigm Shift\u201d <em>Journal of International Affairs,<\/em> Columbia University, Summer 2007.<\/p><p>&#8220;How Not to Inflame Iraq,&#8221; <em>New York Times<\/em>, February 8, 2007. Reprinted in <em>International Herald Tribune<\/em>.<\/p><p>&#8220;The Case for Iran: Alarmist Assessments of Iran&#8217;s nuclear program lack a key component: evidence,&#8221; <em>Los Angeles Times<\/em>, December 30, 2006.<\/p><p>\u201cA Stronger Prescription for Security: Dialogue,\u201d <em>Global Agenda<\/em>, (New York: United Nations Association of USA, 2005).<\/p><p>\u201cIran: US Nuclear Fears are overblown,\u201d <em>LA Times<\/em>, Nov 5, 2004.<\/p><p>\u201cIran\u2019s Vision of Rebuilding Iraq,\u201d <em>International Herald Tribune, <\/em>May 12, 2003.<\/p><p>\u201cA Neighbor\u2019s Vision of New Iraq,\u201d <em>New York Time<\/em>, May 10, 2003.<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c <em>\u00a0\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c <\/em>\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062f 1382\u060c (\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u06cc\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p>\u201cIndispensable Power: Hegemonic Tendencies in a Globalized World,\u201d <em>Harvard International Review, <\/em>Winter 2003.<\/p><p>\u201cMissile Proliferation and Missile Defense\u201d <em>A disarmament Agenda for the Twenty-First Century, <\/em>(New York: United Nations, 2002).<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>\u201cReflections on Terrorism, Dialogue and Global Ethics,\u201d <em>Seton Hall Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, <\/em>Winter 2002.<\/p><p>\u201cPreserving the Best of All Civilizations,\u201d <em>South Letter<\/em>, Volume 3&amp;4, 2001.<\/p><p>\u201cArticle XI: Hopes and Challenges\u201d <em>OPCW Synthesis, Spring 2001. <\/em><\/p><p>\u201cPreface\u201d <em>Reimagining the Future, Towards Democratic Governance<\/em>, (Bundoora, Australia: La Trobe University, 2000)<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>\u201cIslam and Universal Declaration of Human Rights,\u201d <em>Enriching the Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/em>, (Geneva: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 1999)<\/p><p>\u201cExtra-Territorial Sanctions in International Law\u201d, <em>Report of the Seminar on the Extra-Territorial Application of National Legislation<\/em>, (New Delhi: The Secretariat of AALCC, 1998.)<\/p><p>\u00a0\u201cContinuity and Change in Iran\u2019s Post-Election Foreign Policy\u201d, <em>Foreign Policy Forum<\/em>, Volumes III and IV, 1998.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc<\/em>\u060c (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u06cc\u060c 1377.)<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0632\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0632\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646: \u0686\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/em>\u060c (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1377)<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 76.<\/p><p>\u201cU.S. Unilateral Sanctions Against Iran,\u201d <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs,<\/em> Volume IX, No. 1, 1997.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631 76.<\/p><p>\u201cThe Principles of International Law: Theoretical and Practical Aspects of their Promotion and Implementation\u201d <em>International Law as a Language for International Relations<\/em>, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1996.)<\/p><p>&#8220;Security and Insecurity in the Persian Gulf&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VIII, No. 2, 1996.<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631 1375.<\/p><p>&#8220;Impermissibility of the Use or Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VIII, No. 1, 1996.<\/p><p>&#8220;Security Considerations in the Middle East, An Iranian Approach&#8221; <em>Arms and Technology Transfers: Security and Economic Considerations Among Importing and Exporting States, <\/em>(Geneva: UNIDIR, 1995.)<\/p><p>&#8220;Political Islam&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VII, No. 3, 1995.<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>&#8220;Legal Problems of the Arms Embargo against the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina&#8221; <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VII, No.2, 1995.<\/p><p>&#8220;Anticipatory and Preventive Self-Defense in International Law&#8221; <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume I, No.1, 1989.<\/p><h4>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/h4><p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f: 17\/10\/1338\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f: \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0647<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7b3629 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"d7b3629\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>document.querySelector('.more-RayaWp').addEventListener('click', function(e) {\r\n  e.preventDefault();\r\n\r\n  const currentScroll = window.scrollY; \/\/ \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0644\r\n  const content = document.querySelector('.expandable-content');\r\n  const icon = this.querySelector('i');\r\n\r\n  this.classList.toggle('expanded');\r\n  content.classList.toggle('expanded');\r\n\r\n  if(content.classList.contains('expanded')) {\r\n    this.querySelector('span').textContent = 'Les';\r\n    icon.classList.replace('fa-chevron-down', 'fa-chevron-up');\r\n  } else {\r\n    this.querySelector('span').textContent = 'More';\r\n    icon.classList.replace('fa-chevron-up', 'fa-chevron-down');\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc\r\n  window.scrollTo({\r\n    top: currentScroll,\r\n    behavior: 'instant'\r\n  });\r\n});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205023\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205023\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d87cd73 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d87cd73\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ec134f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ec134f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dc72f7 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6dc72f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627<\/h3><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Audacity of Resilience: Reflections on Eight Years as Foreign Minister, Beirut: Dar Hashem Publishing (forthcoming English Translation)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0648: \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 1404.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 1404 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u06cc)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0647\u060c <\/em>\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc: \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062f 1402\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0647\u0634\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0628\u0647\u0634\u062a 1404.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0631: \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c 6 \u062c\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c 1400 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1395 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647: \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c<\/em> \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1391 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c 1389 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f7\u060c \u0633\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u067e\u0648\u0631).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c <\/em>\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c 1384 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u06cc \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Crossing the Divide: Dialogue among Civilization, <\/em>(South Orange, NJ, USA: Seton Hall University, 2001).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Self-Defense in International Law and Policy,<\/em> (University of Denver, 1988.)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cToward a Transformative Vision for West Asia: Establishing a \u201cMuslim West Asian Dialogue Association\u201d (MWADA)\u201d <em>Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, <\/em>Fall 2025 (forthcoming)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0644\u062c\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/em>\u060c 2025 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06cc).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cThe Time for a Paradigm Shift Is Now\u201d, <em>Foreign Policy, <\/em>August 15, 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cExploring global health diplomacy in Iran: insights from experts in health and foreign policy\u201d, with S. Taghizade, <em>et al<\/em>, <em>BMJ Global Health, <\/em>2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIn this Time of Rancour, Fear and War, Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation in the Middle East is Still Possible\u201d, <em>The Guardian, <\/em>31 July 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cThe Legal Implications of Complicity in Genocide\u201d, with R. Nasri, in <em>Genocide in Gaza: Voices of Global Conscience<\/em>, Ahmet Davuto\u011flu and Richard Falk (editors), Atlanta: Clarity Press, 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/em> (1) 21\u060c 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cMisreading Iran: How Global Chaos Fuels False Narratives\u201d <em>Iran Daily<\/em>, January 27, 2025.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cReviving Iran\u2019s Science Diplomacy: New Horizons Opened by President Pezeshkian\u201d, with A. Rahimi and ATB Abadi, <em>Archives of Iranian Medicine<\/em>, 2025; 28(1):61-62.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cAmity Instead of Enmity: A New Iranian Approach to Regional Security and Prosperity\u201d <em>The Economist<\/em>, December 24, 2024.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cHow Iran Sees the Path to Peace\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, December 2, 2024.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cA World in Transition: Rethinking the Current Global Order\u201d with S. Karimi, <em>China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies<\/em>, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1\u201329. October 2024.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cConceptualization of the Hegemon Discourse of the Post-Revolutionary Iran in Septembers of Shiraz: A Cognitive-Multimodal Discourse Analysis\u201d with others, <em>Journal of World Sociopolitical Studies<\/em>, Vol. 8, No. 4. Autumn 2024. pp. 653-705.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cThe Inconsistency between the Discourses of Dignity and Intransigence in Foreign Relations\u201d <em>Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Peace and Conflict Resolution<\/em>, 2024.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cNavigating Challenges and Future Directions for Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure among Iranian Authors in International Journals\u201d with ATB Abadi, <em>Pathobiology Research<\/em>, 2024; 25(1): 67-71.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c 1402.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cTrump\u2019s Campaign to Re-securitize Iran\u201d, with J. Afjeh, <em>International Studies Journal<\/em>, Vol. 20, No. 2 (78). Fall 2023.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc&#8221; \u062f\u0631 <em>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc: \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/em> (\u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631) \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c 1402.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644&#8221; <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/em>\u060c 1402 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0645\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc<\/em> (4) 19. 2023 (\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cSecuritization in the Transitional Period; A Threat to World Peace\u201d <em>Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Peace and Conflict Resolution<\/em>, 2023.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIran Wants the Nuclear Deal It Made\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, January 22, 2021.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cMultilateralism and Ideational Power\u201d <em>International Studies Journal<\/em>, Vol. 14, No. 2. fall 2017, pp.1-11.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cBeautiful Military Equipment Can\u2019t Buy Middle East Peace\u201d<em> New York Times<\/em>, May 26, 2017.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647&#8221; <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f <\/em>20 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648 2017.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221;\u00a0 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u06cc <\/em>23 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2017.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cHow to Handle the Enabling Conditions for Extremism and Terrorism\u201d <em>Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs<\/em>, Vol 7 No. 1, Winter and Spring 2016.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cLet Us Rid the World of Wahhabism\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, September 13, 2016.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cWhy Iran is Building-Up Its Defenses\u201d <em>Washington Post<\/em>, April 21, 2016.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cRiyadh\u2019s Reckless Extremism\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, January 11, 2016.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cPeace in Syria is Vital. And It\u2019s Within Our Grasp\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, 18 December 2015.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631&#8230; \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u0647&#8221;\u00a0 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u06cc<\/em>\u060c 3 \u0627\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2015.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIran Has Signed A Historic Nuclear Deal. Now It\u2019s Israel\u2019s Turn\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, 31 July 2015.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cThe Imperative of a Comprehensive Strategy to Fight Violent Extremism\u201d <em>Harvard International Review<\/em>, June 18, 2015<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cA Message from Iran\u201d <em>New York Time<\/em>, April 20, 2015.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cOccidentaux, ne manquez pas l&#8217;occasion de negocier !\u201d <em>Le Monde<\/em>, 01.07.2014.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cWe Can Make a Deal\u201d <em>Washington Post<\/em>, June 15, 2014.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cWhat Iran Really Wants\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, May-June 2014.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIran Keeps Its Word \u2013 The West Should Do the Same\u201d <em>Financial Times<\/em>, March 18, 2014.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0646\u0627&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c <\/em>17 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 1435.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cTackling the Iran-US Crisis: Need for a Paradigm Shift\u201d <em>Journal of International Affairs,<\/em> Columbia University, Summer 2007.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;How Not to Inflame Iraq,&#8221; <em>New York Times<\/em>, February 8, 2007. Reprinted in <em>International Herald Tribune<\/em>.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;The Case for Iran: Alarmist Assessments of Iran&#8217;s nuclear program lack a key component: evidence,&#8221; <em>Los Angeles Times<\/em>, December 30, 2006.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cA Stronger Prescription for Security: Dialogue,\u201d <em>Global Agenda<\/em>, (New York: United Nations Association of USA, 2005).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIran: US Nuclear Fears are overblown,\u201d <em>LA Times<\/em>, Nov 5, 2004.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIran\u2019s Vision of Rebuilding Iraq,\u201d <em>International Herald Tribune, <\/em>May 12, 2003.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cA Neighbor\u2019s Vision of New Iraq,\u201d <em>New York Time<\/em>, May 10, 2003.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c <em>\u00a0\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c <\/em>\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062f 1382\u060c (\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u06cc\u0645\u06cc).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIndispensable Power: Hegemonic Tendencies in a Globalized World,\u201d <em>Harvard International Review, <\/em>Winter 2003.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cMissile Proliferation and Missile Defense\u201d <em>A disarmament Agenda for the Twenty-First Century, <\/em>(New York: United Nations, 2002).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cReflections on Terrorism, Dialogue and Global Ethics,\u201d <em>Seton Hall Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, <\/em>Winter 2002.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cPreserving the Best of All Civilizations,\u201d <em>South Letter<\/em>, Volume 3&amp;4, 2001.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cArticle XI: Hopes and Challenges\u201d <em>OPCW Synthesis, Spring 2001. <\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cPreface\u201d <em>Reimagining the Future, Towards Democratic Governance<\/em>, (Bundoora, Australia: La Trobe University, 2000)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cIslam and Universal Declaration of Human Rights,\u201d <em>Enriching the Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/em>, (Geneva: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 1999)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cExtra-Territorial Sanctions in International Law\u201d, <em>Report of the Seminar on the Extra-Territorial Application of National Legislation<\/em>, (New Delhi: The Secretariat of AALCC, 1998.)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0\u201cContinuity and Change in Iran\u2019s Post-Election Foreign Policy\u201d, <em>Foreign Policy Forum<\/em>, Volumes III and IV, 1998.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc<\/em>\u060c (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u06cc\u060c 1377.)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0632\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0632\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646: \u0686\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/em>\u060c (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1377)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 76.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cU.S. Unilateral Sanctions Against Iran,\u201d <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs,<\/em> Volume IX, No. 1, 1997.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631 76.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201cThe Principles of International Law: Theoretical and Practical Aspects of their Promotion and Implementation\u201d <em>International Law as a Language for International Relations<\/em>, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1996.)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Security and Insecurity in the Persian Gulf&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VIII, No. 2, 1996.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc&#8221;\u060c <em>\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f<\/em>\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631 1375.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Impermissibility of the Use or Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VIII, No. 1, 1996.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Security Considerations in the Middle East, An Iranian Approach&#8221; <em>Arms and Technology Transfers: Security and Economic Considerations Among Importing and Exporting States, <\/em>(Geneva: UNIDIR, 1995.)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Political Islam&#8221;, <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VII, No. 3, 1995.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Legal Problems of the Arms Embargo against the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina&#8221; <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume VII, No.2, 1995.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8220;Anticipatory and Preventive Self-Defense in International Law&#8221; <em>Iranian Journal of International Affairs<\/em>, Volume I, No.1, 1989.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205024\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205024\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-e884b86 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e884b86\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-835b891 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"835b891\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50d4067 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50d4067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205025\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205025\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-18b543a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18b543a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c13c5b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8c13c5b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dd7939 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dd7939\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1772205026\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1772205026\" data-tab-index=\"6\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d7a5bb2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d7a5bb2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-614a9da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"614a9da\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b035d80 expandable-content  elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b035d80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0626\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634 (\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 Jzarif [at] PAIAB.org X-twitter Instagram \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0631\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u06cc\u0623\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 (\u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0628\u062e\u0634) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-297","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3051,"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions\/3051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paiab.org\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}